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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (June 5, 1904)
THE- SUNDAY 0EEG0NIA2T, FOBTEAffP, JUSTE 5, " 1901. 53 WHAT TO DO WHEN IN DANGER Burglars Don't Be Foolhardy, ty A. L. Drurnmond, of Drtimmond's Petecthre Agency. (jsote. The- author of. this article 1 a mem ber o the famous detective family, the father of which wao formerly chief of the "Ciilted States Secret Service. Editor.) HOW many times "we have all heard this bit of conversation: "Now, "what -would you da If you should awaken to find a burglar in your house?" "Well why ahem I hardly know. I couldn't say until the occasion, arose." Yet the proper course to follow In such a situation is simple. It is exercise the coolness and caution of true courage. Above all things. If you aspire to be courageously cautious, do not rush out from your room In an attempt to corner and capture the burglar. There are two good and sufficient reasons against such a foolhardy procedure. In the first place, the Intruder will have you at a decided disadvantage. You have Just awakened, and your eyes are unused to the darkness, -while his eyes have been peering through, it for some minutes and are keen in his behalf. You do not know Just where he Is, while, from previous In vestigation, he has located your room and knows where you will como from and how. Your night shirt, being white. Is also In his favor, for white stands out In black surroundings. Even though you essay to creep upon him unawares, his ears are as sharp as a watch dog's, and he hears in significant noises that yours f all to catch. Every step" that you tako Is known to your adversary, crouching somewhere be fore you In the sheltering darkness. You are entirely at his mercy. The Result of Foolhardy Action. In the second place, try to corner a bur glar and nine times out of ten he will shoot, and shoot to kllL How many times have each of us read in the newspaper of this or that man killed by a burglar whom he was trying to capture? There was the Latimer case In Brooklyn Come three years ago. Latimer was the treasurer of a secret organization, and had come of the society's money In his house. Jn the night he thought ho heard a gur glar. He went hunting for the intruder, whp sprang out of a closet and shot him dead. Several years earlier. In the same town, ,n. butcher met death under similar circum stances, and about the sama time another Brooklyn citizen endeavored to rush down Btalrs upon the intruders, but before he "had gone ten steps ho received three bul tlet holes through his body. Brooklyn is not unique in this respect It is simply representative. Every city can show a long record of murders com mitted by burglars. A burglar always goes about his Jobs prroed, and that burglar Is a rare excep tion who prefers capture to taking life. The law recognizes this fact, and there fore gives to the man whose house has been entered the right to kill the burglar on the ground of Justifiable homicide. In other words, the law presumes that a bur Elar Intends to kill, as well as to loot, whenever he enters a house and his ends will bo served thereby. What You Should Do. If you want to do the dorrect and not -the foolhardy thing, stay in our room and make a decided noise. The burglar will hear it, know that you are awake and aware of his presence, and forthwith flee the house. It Is a characteristic trait of burglars to be frightened off byno!scs. Perhaps, when you frighten off your bur glar, he will leave so precipitately that he will neglect to take the silverware with him. But If ho carries a well-stuffed bag DR. BROUGHER ON THE ST. LOUIS FAIR SINCE my last letter, I have been to the Fair, spent a few days at the Southern Baptist Convention, in Nashville, Tenn., preached to my former people in Chattanooga, and attended the sessions of the Northern Baptist anniver saries, at Cleveland, O. I have been kept so continually on the move that I have not bad time to write. In fact, I had to stop at a bank the other day to draw fcny breath. Fortunately, the account was not overdrawn, and I am still living. I em now on my way to New York City, whence I sail for London Wednesday morning, May 25th. It is with some doubts and misgivings that I look forward to the voyage'. As a preparation for it X have just been reading an article on 'How to Meet the Ups and Downs of Life." I shall be able to preach a ser tnon on that subject when I return from .personal experience. One friend recom mended my wearing a porus plaster, and ,another said a plaid vest was good It , would keep a check on my stomach. As Jlo the Joys of an ocean voyage, I can ispcak more fully later. Let mo say a few things that have interested me thus far in my Journey. Louisiana Purchase Exposition. It la a very difficult matter to condense Into one brjof letter a description of an enterprise ao Immense and at the same time so incomplete as the World's Fair. tDne does not like to take the part of an adverse critic when there would seem to be so much to be praised. Nevertheless, for the sake ot those who may expect to attend from the great Northwest I wish to ho fair, at least There are two words that characterize the Fair at tho present stage immensity and incompleteness. Tho Fair is not half finished. Most of the large buildings are complete so far as ex ternal appearances are concerned, but with one or two exceptions, the exhibits have not been put in place. In many of tho large buildings the booths for exhib its are Just being erected. The Ferris wheel is not finished. By tho way, the hotel rates are so much higher than tho Ferris, wheel that it looks Insignificant A great deal Is being said in the pa pers and by tne people about tho ex orbitant prices asked by the hotels. Un less there is a change, the attendance at the Fair is bound to bo seriously effected by it As a matter of fact the attend ance thus far has not mot the- expecta tions of the Fair directors. Unless it Is greatly increased, a great sum of money will bo lost on the enterprise. Neverthe less, when the ralr Is finished, it will be worth seeing. It Is larger and grander In every way than the Chicago Exposi tion. Great Foreign Exhibits. Fifty-three foreign governments are participating in the Exposition, and their buildings form one of the most interest ing and instructive features of the Fair. Each nation has endeavored to outdo the other in the erection of a characteristic building, and the installation of exhibits. Japan leads all others in the large and unique display she makes, and the little 'brown men" are the center of attraction to all. Our Federal Government and all the States of the Union nearly are mak ing excellent displays of their boundless resources and industrial progress. Many of the buildings are not finished yet and the exhibits not in place. The writer had a pleasant visit with Mr. Dosch. the -Commissioner-General of the Lewis and Clark Fair. He was at tho Oregon building looking after the Interests of our state. His experience In connection with former fairs specially fits him for the tremend ous responsibility pieced upon him in ar ranging for the various exhibits to be had at the Lewis and Clark Exposition next year. Ife is firmly convinced that the Portland Fair should be held next year, and that all contractors should be held in his flight, then charge up another item to profit and loss, and be thankful for the comforting bit of knowledge that spoons can be replaced and life cannpt ) If you awaken to find a burglar bending ; over the bureau in your room, your play is to He perfectly still, and when your eyes i have become accustomed to -the 'darkness, and 'during the flash of his lantern, center all your efforts on trying to flx in your mind some of the man's physical charac teristics that may aid the police to cap ture him later on. Gejt his height, which Is very Important. This can be pretty closely determined by noticing where his head comes on some object In the room taller than he, as, for example, the bureau. Don't trust. to your sense of height without some such guide. Very few persons can name a man's height off-hand within several Inches, and an inch or so cuts In identification. The Burglar's Ear. Ascertain the general appearance of his ear. The measurement and shape of the ear plays an important part nowadays in Identifying criminals, the Bertlllon system having shown that while- a criminal may alter other parts of his physical being by make-up, he cannot so hide his ear. There fore, do not fall to notice whether the bur glar's ear lies flat against bis head, or sticks out abnormally, or Is long, or broad, or has any peculiarity of any sort Also endeavor to notice the general shape of the face and head, whether round, oval, long, broad; and If the man bears any out-of-the-ordlnary -physical mark or characteristic, such as a scar or limp, register the fact firmly in your mind. Rogues' gallery descriptions always lay stress on such peculiarities. There fore, this bit of -information on your part would be exceedingly useful to the author ities, as nearly every burglar, unless he Is a novice, has his description in the coun try's rogues' galleries. Do not bother about trying to find out the color of his hair or eyes, or whether he has a mus tache. The poor light will keep you from securing the correct knowledge, and if you say the man's hair Is brown when it is black, your faulty information merely tends to confuse the police In their search for the criminal. Useless Revolver Under the Pillow. Don't try to shoot a burglar who is in your room. You play right into his hands. While you are reaching for the revolver under your pillow, the odds are heavy that he will cover you. to say the least The slightest noise gains his attention even the gentle slipping of your arm along the sheets up under your pillow for your weapon. Even if you do succeed in getting hold of the revolver, he still has a decided ad vantage. He Is on his feet, your are on your back, and so he can get his re volver into action with greater rapidity and freedom. You will be encumbered by the bed clothing and win have to make several movements preliminary to aiming at him, while he can simply whirl about on you and bang away. His advantage may be a matter of seconds only, but sec? onds count In such a situation, I firmly believe that a revolver under a pillow is more dangerous to its owner than to the criminal' it is meant to protect him from. "What have I a pistol here for, if not to shoot?" the owner asks himself when he sees a burglar in his room, and he forthwith reaches for It and thereby puts his life In Jeopardy. He also uses the same line of argument when he. hears a burglar below stairs; he goes to the head of the stairs and fires away, forget ting that his pistol's flash gives his loca tion away to the enemy, who is shrewd strictly to their agreements to have tho buildings completed at a certain time. He does not want the people to be disap pointed at the opening of the Lewis and Clark Exposition, as they are now with the World's Fair. The Oregon building, when completed, will be a very Interesting representation of Fort Clatsop. It Is a primitive style of architecture, one-story high, Irregular In form, and made out of logs. Oregon's agricultural, horticultural and mineral displays will be notewortny when all In place. Special Features. The most striking and inspiring feature of the Fair are the Cascades. They are three in number, and are said to surpass In size and beauty anything of like char acter ever seen in the history of the world. They flow down from weir to weir, just in front of the Festival Hall. On each side of the latter are the Ter race of States, the Art Palace and the Pavilion. As all the buildings and ave nues radiate from this point the sparkle of the down-pouring waters are visible across a vast expanse, and their rush and splash can be heard as the voice, of music far away. It is the most inspiring spot at the Fair. The Louisiana Monu ment stands near the great basin Into which flow tho waters from the Cascades. This monument is the highest and most imposing of the Fair. Noar it one of -three famous bands render tho choicest music every afternoon and night Sousa, Innes and Weir are the leaders, and their musical organizations are known the world over. The greatest plpo organ in the world can be seen and heard in the Festival Hall. It has Ave manuals, 140 speaking stops, 239 movements and 10.059 pipes. It is one of the marvels of the Ex position. But time would fail me to men tion all the special features they are all special. The Fair will bo worth seeing about September 3, 1901. I have no hesi tation in saying that It will be that time before it Is entirely completed. Ot course, If you do not mind hot weather, August will probably see it in fair shape, but if I wero going to get the most for my moriey, and at the same time have some comfort I would not go before the mid dle ot September. Chattanooga. From St Louts our Itinerary took us to Nashville and Chattanooga, Tenn. At Nashville the Southern Baptist Conven tion was in session. This is Yhe greatest Baptist body in the world. It represents Crusade Against Consumption , Congress of Tuberculosis Specialists at Atlantic City. NEW YORK, May SL (Special Cor respondence of Tho Sunday Oregon lan.) The coming meeting of the National Association for the Study. Treat ment and Prevention of Tuberculosis, at Atlantic City, the second week in June, will be of great Importance to hundreds ot thousands of people all over the land. This Interest is due to the fact that the "white plague" counts Its victims by the ten thousand every year, and Judging from the great army of the afflicted, few homes escape its ravages at one time or another. The meeting will bring together the ex ports In tuberculosis from every part of the country. The plan Is to effect a National organization and then make a united crusade against the common enemy the tubercle bacillus. The high standing of the committee having the matter in charge is an augury of what is likely to be accomplished. The personnel of this committee Is as follows: Dr. Herman M. Biggs, bacteriologist of the New York Board of Health; Dr. E. L. enough not to fire first under such cir cumstances. Then, too, if the sleeper Is ever so restless, he may knock the re volver to the floor, or touch te trigger with a hand thrown about In his sleep, and off goes the weapon, probably wound ing the sleeper or his bedfellow. Do not attempt to Jump out of bed and grapple with a burglar In your room, for the same reasons that you should not try to shoot him. Lie perfectly still until he has left the room and then endeavor to frighten him off and remove the danger to your lite in the manner already 'de scribed. Notifying the Authorities. Once a burglar has become- frightened it will not lake him long tp make his. es cape. He generally leaves windows "un? locked and doors open so that he will lose no time In getting away either before or after the Job is finished. "Whenever he can be departs by the rear, as he is not so likely to meet any one In the alley as in the street If your room has a window opening on the rear, you can witness, the fellow's departure therefrom and know that the coast is clear, In any event It will be perfectly safe for you to venture downstairs to summon the police several minutes after notifying the burglar of your wakefulness. But before you go after the authorities do not neglect to Impress upon the other members of the household the importance of not pouching or disturbing the contents of the room In which the burglar has op erated, so that no possible clew may be destroyed. Something In the general ap pearance of the ransacked room the burglar's method of going about his busi ness or a piece of wire left behind may bo sufficient evidence to the trained eye and mind to put the detectives on the right track and lead to the ultimate cap ture of the criminal. For the same reason, if neighbors have been attracted to your house by your ad venture, keep them from walking around the premises and mingling their foot prints with those of the burglar. Im portant evidence Is frequently destroyed in this manner. And do not let any one tamper with anything about the house, whlqh the authorities' should see just as the burglar left It broken" window panes, jimmied doors and all. Precautions Against Burglary. To reduce to the minimum the chances of burglary of your house, see to it that no stranger not properly vouched for Is Jet past your door. It is the easiest thing In the world for a burglar or hjs confederate, a day or two before he enters your house under cover of darkness, to present himself at your door with some such information as "I'm the gas man, and I've come to look over the pipes and fixtures"; or, "I'm the plumber, and Mr. Smith, my boss, said I was to see that everything was all right"; or "I'm a building Inspector, and I want to see if the fire escapes are In good work ing order." The man Is admitted without question, and while he goes about from room to room, ostensibly examining the gas fix tures or the plumbing or what not he also takes in the sideboard with its display of silver, the various dressing tables wjth tholr burdens of silver toilet articles, and the general arrangement of the house. Then, when he has secured all the neces sary information, he leavps, to return that night or the next Never admit or let any one be admitted to your house without the proper indorse ments; and If you also refrain from pro miscuously displaying your silver, you need have little fear of burglars. A burg- jar does not as a rule, enter a house on which. In the language of the street he cannot "get a line." 2.000.000 and 1.500.000 black. Baptists. The proceedings of this convention have been reported 'already. It will meet next year In Kansas City, Mo. From Nashville we went to Chattanoo ga, and was given a royal welcome by the people to whom we once mlnlsered. They crowded the church on Sunday, and gave "the Prodigal" a reception on Mon day night Many questions were asked him concerning Portland. He was glad to be able to say many good things about his new home city and his church. An extended interview was printed in the evening paper, a copy of which will be sent to The Oregonlan. Our stay in Chattanooga was all too short but the Northern Baptist Convention was already In session when we arrived at Cleveland, O., Wednesday morning, the ISth. The matter In which we were most interested was the securing of the convention for Portland next year. A conference ot the Pacific Coast delegates was held imme diately, and plans laid for getting the In terest of all the delegates In going to Portland. St Louis was our only com petitor. But It was strongly represented and had some special reasons for wanting the convention In 1005. The Southern Convention is to meet in Kansas City, St Louis desires the Northern Conven tion, and will arrange for a joint meet ing of the delegates of both conventions, so as to have a fraternal rally of all the Baptists of the -United States at that time. Portland May Get the Convention. When the matter came, before the Con vention, Invitation from Portland was presented by the writer. He was second ed and assisted by Dr. C. A. Wooddy, of Portland; Dr. C. M. Hill, of Oakland, Cal.; Rev. Robert Burdette and A. W Rlder, of Los Angeles; Dr. Alexander Blackburn, of Salem. Mass.. and Dr. Kerr Boyce Tupper, of Philadelphia. It was universally conceded that Portland would have secured the convention if It had been left to a popular vote. But the mat ter was finally referred to the executive committee of the three boards, to be de cided by them. The question, therefore, will not be settled for several weeks prob ably, and just which city will win is still doubted, In any event Portland's at tractions were given wide advertisement and we still stand a gpod chance of get ting the convention in the near future, even if we do not next year. My next will be from London, "if I live to tell the tale." J. WHITCOMB BROUGHER. Trudeau, of Saranac Lake, N. Y.; Dr. W. H. Welsh, of Johns Hopkins University; Dr. -George M. Sternberg, former Surgeon General In the United States Army; Dr. Laurence F. Flick, of Philadelphia, and. Dr. William Osier and H. B. Jacobs, of Baltimore. Few people have any conception of what has been accomplished within the past few months in the way of checking the ravages of consumption in the land, and the Improved methods of science empjoyed to' counteract the deadly plague. Many- of the most prominent physicians in the United States have been quietly at work in their laboratories and-prlvate hospitals wrestling with the problem, apd these will make their reports of varying success at Atlantic City next month. In the hope of anticipating somewhat the results of these Investigations, which will be reported to the National Conven tion, I have interviewed within the past month a number of experts on tuberculo sis as well as visited some of the most up-to-date institutions, like the Phipps Institution at Philadelphia, the White Haven Sanitarium, eta From all the leading hospitals and Insti tutions come the mo3t gratifying reports as to checkmating tuberculosis, and some of the cures effected are ttle short of marvelous. In New York City alon the results accomplished In the past few months In the dispensary treatment of tuberculosis give promise of magnificent development In the near future, l listened to papers read at the Academy of Medi cine the pther night and was surprised, to f!n4 that the various hospitals, clinics, medical schools and dispensaries of the metropolis have within the past few months set aside wards for the special Study of tuberculosis, and that thousands of victims are getting a new lease gi lire and becoming, instead of a center of in fection, a center of education and enllght? raent to the massesr not only in sanitary science, but also In the laws of health as they affect humanity as a whole. And what is true of New York City Is true ot Philadelphia, Boston, Chicago and all the cities of the country. Advanced methods are being applied to turn the tide of tuberculosis Into a tide ot health and happiness, and this consummation, so de voutly wished tor, is actually being ac complished. The serum therapy has been tried In America by De Scbwelnlte, Trudeau, Stub bert and others. The most suitable in jection consists of an aqueous extract of virnjent but dead bacilli, supplemented by the infiltrate of a young culture. In this way is obtained the full value of the bacll llary bodies and toxins. When this serum is injected Into healthy men or animals, there is ah increase of defenslte substances in the blood of the injected; animal greater than the geometri cal proportion, and the organism plays an active part In this tremendous increase. The participation of the organism Is nec essary to this -Increase. Dr, Herman C. Herold, president of the Newark, N, J., Board of Health, has ob tained a different serum, so he tells me, from which he Is getting splendid results. So successful has It been in many cases that the United States Government hos pitals have asked for, supplies of the se rum, 4 they, too, secure the same good results. Value of X-Rays. One of the most up-to-date means of de tecting tuberculosis, and at the same time finding out the extent pf its ravagesTls now employed in the New York Health Department dispensary. This is nothing less, than the use of the X-rays. For ex ample, miliary tuberculosis,, or "gaUop ing consumption," can be readily detected by the mottled appearance of the lungs or body. Lesions are clearly shown, as well as Infiltrations and consolidations in the lungs. It Is "proved by experience, too, that- Arrays win relieve coughs and pains, to a certain extent And one thing is certain the fluoroscope is a valuable aid In detecting incipient tuberculosis" before it is discovered by other means, and also In revealing lesjons and structural changes in the tissues that neither per cussion nor auscultation Can disclose. In a word, Jt would seem to be the part of wisdom for eyery consumptive to be X-rayed, so that the hidden lesions and Internal injuries from the tubercle bacil lus may te laid bare. Still another new kind of treatment is the use of ozone. Perhaps It Is because this gas is so plentiful pn the. mountains mot patients seem to thrive better there: although I heard a number of New York City's leading experts combat this idea the other night In this connection Dr. LJndley R. Will iams, of the Vanderbllt clinic, told a very curious story, He said that-he knew a very prominent Judge In the city who had rjea every neaitn resort in the world. ahd found that V he fared better at the Waldorf-Astoria than anywhere else. This fact speaks volumes for the healthy and wholesome air to be had In the vicinity of the metropolis. Dr. S. A. Knopf, of the New -York Board of Health, will also be at Atlantic City, and show his brother physicians a. new mouth-protector, so that patients cannot cough their sputum Into your face or infect the surrounding air. A piece of cotton batting on a steel frame docs tne business. I had quite a talk with Dr. Knopf the other day, and some of his Investigations and experiments, when related at the seashore next mpnth, will be Intensely interesting. Interview With Dr. L. F. Flick. One of the prominent specialists who wijl have an interesting report to make at Atlantic City is Dr. Lawrence F. Flick, of the committee of arrangements, who Is founder of the Pennsylvania Society for the Prevention of Tuberculosis, presi dent of the Free Hospital for Poor Con sumptlves of Pennsylvania, medical di rector of the Henry Phipps Institute for the Study, Treatment and Prevention of Tuberculosis, and an author and prac titioner of acknowledged ability. Dr. Flick told me that he himself had be come a victim of tuberculosis years ago. and hence became Intensely interested In tne subject m order to save his own life. I asked Dr. Flick what he thought of Professor Maragllano s attempts to cure consumption by vaccination. It will be recalled that this professor of the Uni versity of Genoa, in Italy, only a short time ago gave his conclusions, based on 31 years' experience, before tho Phipps Institute. Professor Maragllano's proposition was this: "If the defensive means produced by the organism are large in proportion to the number of Invading bacteria, it galn3 the victory. If the defensive means are Insufficient, the organism succumbs." "We are very much Interested in Pro fessor Maragllano's investigations." an swered Dr. Flick; "and if his claims can be substantiated, they are simply won derful. We have already sent a physl dan over to Italy from the Phipps Insti tute; and he will go into the whole sub jectvery carefully, and report to us. ' "The coming congress of specialists from all over the country at Atlantic City will be most noteworthy, as the workers in tuberculosis will be organ ized, and make some authoritative debla ration of methods. "We know a great deal of the causes that produce tuberculosis, and we want to learn the best way to bring about cures. Here, too, an ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. We know ex actly how to prevent tuberculosis, which is most Important; but we want also to know how to successfully heal those who are afflicted. Some Vital Questions. "One of the vital questions that we shall likely consider at Atlantic City is: How to introduce the methods of preven tion Into the homes of the poor? Tuber culosis Is so exceedingly prevalent that some method must be- found by which the large number of people . must hfi reached in their homes. Tuberculosis will run through an entire family, unless It is checked. "Another vital question to be consid ered is: What shall we .do with poor consumptives after they have gone through the sanitariums? The answer Is. Establish farms where they can earn their living. A sanitarium cannot main tain people for five or six years. There must be other places provided where the poor patients can support themselves. "Fifty per cent of the work done in a sanitarium is lost, because there Is no place for the patient to go to after leav ing the institution. "Here is a splendid chance for some of our rich men to establish such a place, which I am sure can be made pelf-supporting and pay Interest on the invest ment" FRANCIS LEON CHRIS MAN. His Favorite Subject. "Doesn't your father ever talk to you about bis Maker?" asked the Sunday school teacher. "I guess be does," replied little Albert "Pa claims he's a self-made man." Chi cago Record-Herald. THE GOVERNMET FORESTRY EXHIBIT What It Comprises and How Arranged at the St. Louis Fair. What gives particular local laterest to the following article Is the fact that this exhibit, or the beat portions of It, will form a part ot the Covera xnent'a share is the Uewls asd Clark Exposition of 3905, THE Bureau of Forestry of the United Stales Department of Agriculture has prepared for the Louisiana Pur chase Exposition the most extensive dls? play it has ever madei The purpose Is both to illustrate the work which the bu reau is doing and to show actual forest conditions in all parts of the country. The visitor will -see there the most impressive evidence of what practical forestry is, and also Its great present and future impor tance as a means of promoting the Na tional welfare. Lumbering ranks fourth among the industries of the country, and Jt is a matter of hopeful promise for the permanence of the industry and for the cause of forestry that lumbermen are adopting conservative forest management in their lumber operations. That agricul ture. Incomparably the most Important of our National sources of wealth, also de pends in no small degree oa forestry, is not however, so well understood- Under Intensive methods of farming, and with the enlargement of the cultivable area made possible by irrigation, this depend ence will become increasingly close. Min ing an4 grazing, too, materially depend on forestry, for mines demand cheap apd abundant timber, and the fprage which feeds most of the Western stock is one of the important indirect products which under proper restrictions, the forest may be made to yield. All of these relationships are strikingly displayed ip the forestry exhibit at St Louis. Photographic Transparencies. The space allotted to the- Bureau of For estry is In two different though not widely separated parts of the Fair grounds. An Indoor exhibit Is located Jn the Forestry, Fish and Game building, In which Is cen tered also an exhibition of the lumber in? dustry of tho United States. A striking and complete collection of photographic transparencies illustrate forest conditions and problems as they are encountered by the bureau. Typical, single trees and for ests, the cutting or harvesting of forests and their renewal by natural reproduc tion, forest planting in treeless regions or where forests have been destroyed, and damage by fire, insects, over-grazing, etc., are shown more clearly. Nearly all of the transparencies are of large size, some of them 4 by 5 feet They are arranged to be ODDITIES FROM VARIOUS SOURCES How Gold Sweats. THESE millions will sweat them I selves away considerably In the hold of the ship," said a mint official as he superintended the stowing of one of the recent exports of gold. "Gold sweats," . he resumed, "and it sweats particularly hard at sea. When this gold reaches the other side it will be a litye lighter than it is now. If an experienced hand should weigh It oVer there, he would say that some of it had been stolen. It won't be handled in Europe by the inexperienced, though. It will be handled by men who will know Just what allowance to make for sweat "Gold sweat the phrase has an at tractive sound, eh? If you and I could sneak down into this ship's bold each day of the coming voyage; if we could gather up the sweat from the gold be fore it evaporated apd was lost would that be stealing? "Well, anyway, gold doesn't sweat vis ibly. It's sweat is impalpable and you can't collect it Attrition is the name given to it by scientists.' Inscriptions on Persian Rugs. ifjSEE that Professor Gotthell, of Col 1 umbla University, has sued Charles T. Yerkes for $300 his fee for the trans lation of the inscription on one of Mr. Yerke's prayer rugs. That Is a big fee tp ask for the translation of a single sentence. Still, I hope that the professor gets his money." As he spoke, the Armenian rug doctor darned a Bokhara rug. He did not use in this work new yarn; he used what was many more times more costly yarn 60 or 60 years old. Expert rug doctors al ways use old yarn In darning; for these, with their soft and silky hues, match best the old rugs that they repair. "I have seen inscriptions on Persian rugs." said the Armonlan, "that I wouldn't translate for $3000." He chuckled. "They are odd chaps, some of the rug weavers. They have a sense of humor. When they know that a rug Is to be shipped to America, where prac tically nobody understands Persian, they weave a little joke Into the design some times. "A Pittsburg millionaire ordered through pur firm a Daghestan rug for his hallway. He specified every detail of the design and the colors. The weaver In Daghestan made the rug' to his measure, as It were. But this weaver, being an artist, did not Jlke the millionaire's taste, and he wove in a lozenge near the top; " 'So hideous Is- this rug that it3 weaver will not sign his name to it, as is the custom. A curse on the Western bar barian of Pittsburg who compels an artist to debase his art' "The Pittsburg millionaire wanted us to translate, that inscription,.", said the Armenian, "but we pretended that we knew no Persian. ' "Some of the Persian rugs sent to America have poetical inscriptions. I sold one- yesterday that said: " 'May a young girl possess me, and may she keep her beauty longer than I keep mine,' "Last week, a lawyer bought a beautiful Tabriz rug from us. He didn't know that It was inscribed: " 'This rug for a liar and thief, a pig of the West a drunkard, a robber of orphans and widows, a coward." "If you understand Persian," con? eluded the Armenian, "you would often find on your rich friends' floors reading as amusing as a comic paper.' A Reader of Souls. t HAVE a measuring tape wherewith I I can measure a novelist's soul," said a student of psychology. "A novel ist according to my way of thinking, puts only himself in his books. Each of his men and women Is a part of himself, a facet of his own character. Thus it follows that the people he treats of most are the people most like himself If he treats roost of cowards, he Is a coward, and so on. "That is my measuring tape, and If you apply It to dead novelists, with whose lives literary history has made you familiar, you find that It measures accurately. "Take, for Instance, Dickens. Dickens, with his Pickwicks and Wellers, wrote most about people that drank too much. In the novels of Dickens they are al ways brewing bowls of punch, drinking hot brandy "and water, attacking pineap ple rum. Hence the conclusion that Dickens himself drank too much. Well, seen from the inside of an arcade illumi nated by natural light "with Eastern and Western forest scenes shown on opposite walls. This series is supplemented by a collection -of large, colored bromide -photography framed in the panels of tho bal ustrade which surrounds the exhibit space. On the floor between the balustrade and the arcade are cases which display some specially Jmportant phases of the bu reau's investigations, together with a col lection of all the Instruments used In for est work, the publications of the bureau, etc. Of particular interest is a large case containing longleaf pine trunks which show the advantages ot the, new system of turpentining promoted by the bureau and the disadvantages and Injurious ef fects of the old system of boxing. Two other cases exhibit insects and examples of their destructive work. The method of determining the strength of commercial umbers Is shown hy a testing machine, while the results of tests are shown by charts and tested timbers. There is also a large collection of timbers, both from the United States and Europe, treated by different preservative processes to. show the manner of increasing the llfo of va rious construction timbers. Several speci mens are shown ot building and other tim bers which have been in use for 30 years or more. Fine Relief. Map. One of the special features of tho ex hibit Is a relief map of the United States cast upon a section of a sphere 15 feet In diameter. By using this type of map the geographical distortion Inevitable in flat maps is avoided, and the real rela tionship of the various parts ot the coun try and ,their actual' position on the globe are correctly shown. The distribution and character of the forests of the coun try arc shown in different colors, as are the location and extent- of National and state forest reserves. The forests man aged according to working plans prepared by the bureau and lands upon which plan tations have been instituted under bureau planting plans are also indicated by -special symbols. The situation of forest schpols and other institutions which afford training in forestry Is shown on the map. On another relief map are shown the loca tion of the proposed Appalachian forest reserve, the extent and character of for est and other lands included, and the rela tion of the reserve to the surrounding country. Outdoor Exhibit. The outdoor exhibit of the bureau 13 on a tract of Zhz acres situated about 300 yards southwest ot the Forestry, Fish and Game building. Here are displayed, on and about a model farm, forest plantations suited to every part of the United States, practical forest nurseries, and the best forms of windbreaks whleh are so impor there Is abundant proof that this con clusion is true. . "Take Guy de Maupassant He liked best to manipulate characters of the 'Bel Ami' type atrocious libertines. Tol stoi is our proof that Maupassant was like his writings. Read Tolstoi's essay on him read what Turguenev murmured as he loaned' Tolstoi one of Maupassant's books. "Take George Gissing. He wrote in the main of intelligent young men and women, who, with luxurious tastes, suf fered in the grip of the Ignoblest poverty. Well, Intelligence, luxurious tastes and Ignoble poverty composed nearly all Gis". sing's life. Zangwill tells us that "Having proved by means of the dead that our measuring tape works accu rately, we might apply this gauge to the novelists still alive to Thomas Hardy, George Meredith, Conan Doyle, Kipling, Davis, Cyrus T. Brady. It is not polite, though, to discuss a writer's personality till after his deatfi." Does Meat Spoil the Disposition? A BUTCHER claims that meat eating Is responsible" for most of the bad temper that exists in the world. "Who are the heaviest meat eaters?" he said. "The English. And who have the- worst dispositions? Why, the Eng lish Everybody knows that, "Go to England, and they'll give you nothing fit to eat but meat Morning, noon and night they'll set before you the best meat In the world: but no vege tables to speak of: no desserts, no en trees; meat only- "The consequence of all this meat eat ing is that the red-faced Englishman is worse than a bear to have around the house. "If you go to" France you don't get much meat The French like fruit vege tables, salads, a little fish and a little chicken. I'd venture to. say that an Eng lishman eats more meat in a day than a Frenchman does in a week. "What effect on his disposition does the Frenchman's les3 gross food have? A good effect. The French are polite. The world over they are noted for their politeness and good humor. "But the Japs prove my point best The mass of the Japanese people live on rice and fruit and sweetmeats and fish, They dont touch meat from one year'3 end to another. And their temperance and deli cacy at table give them the best dispo sitions in the world. On the streets of Japan there Is never any fighting or quarreling. You never -see a disturbance of any kind among that people. Toler ance, courtesy, high-bred and ceremon ious manners are as prevalent in Japan as grumbling in England." "What Is the philosophy of all this? Why, simply that meat is a stimulant like beer, and that, after tho brief, happy effect of this stimulant has worn off, there comes a long effect of Ill-humor and ir ritability. -AH heavy xpeateaters have bad dispositions, because they are always suffering from their food's aftermath because they are always, so to speak, getting over a spree. "This holds good, too, among animals. Lions, tigers, leopards and the rest of the carnlvora are fierce and treacherous and mean. The herbivora elephants, ante lopes, camels are good-tempered, mild creatures. Germs In Books. TT CHARITABLE woman carried an r armload of old books to a hospital. "For tho patient3," she said. "Reading matter for the patients." But the young man in white frowned, shook, bis head and handed the books back. "Thanks," ho said, "but we can't re ceive them-" "Why not?" "Because they're bound. Old books, to be receieved here, must be unbound." "Huh?" " "Old books must be unbound. We can disinfect books with dry heat but bound books we can't disinfect in that manner. We have experimented; we' have worked the thing out Old books are dangerous. The streptococcus and the pneumococcus breed In them, also the germ of diph theria. Now, It these books are unbound, It is an easy matter to kill with dry beat the disease germs they contain; but if they are bound, dry heat won't touch their germs at all." "I see," said the woman. "There Is not a bound book In this hospital," pursued the youth In white. "Search our wards from end to end, and you will find paper-backed volumes only. tant lop protection of the Western farse? ers crops and buildings. The co-operative work qf the bureau in th.13 direction hits been very successful, and this exhibit 13 certain to attract much interest among visitors from the regions In which forest planting has proved its usefulness hotH for protection and as a means of provld-j Ing local supplies of fuel apd. timber. Duti ng the past five years plans for such planting have been Put in operation under the direction of the Bureau of Forestry on 210 Western farms. The model farm repre sented comprises a quarter pf a section. , of prairie land laid, out on a scale- one? tenth the actual linear measurements, tp show a model plan for planting trees uj a treeless country- Forty-seven forest blocks surrounding this area illustrate pure forestry plantations and various methods ot mixing tree species. In each of these blocks the trees are given the actual in? tervals recommended for planting In the, different regions to which tho Illustra tions apply Methods ot growing nurs ery stock from cuttings, transplants arid from seeds are fully illustrated, as are the various styles qf screens used for shading coniferous tree seedlings. The cultivation, of four varieties of basket willow Is also an interesting; feature of the outdoor ex hlblt Fields, farmsteads, etc, are lajd off with growing trees planted along, the fence lines and about the hopie. lot. Preserving Timbere. In addition to the displays described, the Bureau of Forestry will co-operate with the Department of Mines and Metal lurgy In a series of comparative tests re? Iatlng to the best methods of preserving timbers. For this purpose a complete experimental treating plant, consisting of a small cylinder, vacuum and pressure pumps, and tanks for holding the pre? seryatlve solutions will be In operation op the outdoor tract of "the Department of Mines and Metallurgy. Other plants will show the application of the Giussanl and Ruping processes. It Is expected that one or more runs will dally be made, when ties and timbers from all parts of the United States will be treated. Close to these experimental plants will be found a cylinder whose operation illustrates the hest methods of Increasing the longevity of fence posts. In a separate building pear the treating plants several testing ma chines will be operated by the Bureau of Forestry for the purpose of determining the strength of different timbers treated by various preservative processes. The greatest effort has been made in tho preparation of the Government forest exhibit to give as complete an exposition as possible of the purposes and work of the bureau. Tho result, It Is hoped, will be peculiarly interesting and instructive tp that vast body of citizens whose ma terial welfare is so intimately connected with the adoption of practical forestry. Do you, by the way, ever buy second hand books " "Sometimes," she admitted. "Then take my advice, and only buy unbound ones. And bake them bake them in the oven as soon as you get them home. Otherwise it Is hard to say what disease you may not contract from them." The woman frowned. "Oh, I don't be lieve all the genp talk I hear," she said, and with a grunt of contempt she took up her rejected books and departed. A New Freckle Remover. y71 SMALL sheet of emery paper, a said the young girl. The" clerk handed her the emery paper, and after she was gone he said: "Every now and then she buys a sheet of emery paper. She removes freckles with it." "Freckles, eh?" said the proprietor. "How does she do that?" "Rubs them off," replied the clerk. "She described the process to me the last time she was Jn. She said she never freckled anywhere but on the end of her nose. Whenever she is out in a high wind or in a glaring sun there appears on her nose a single big brown freckle. This she hates; sho considers it a disfigurement And to get rid of it she rubs it oft with a piece of emery." "Doesn't it hurt? Doesn't it bleed?" said the proprietor. "It hardly hurts or bleeds at alL It merely abrases the skin a little. The end of her nose burns and smarts for about a day. Then it is as well as ever, and the freckle Is gone, leaving no scar." "Well, well," said the proprietor. "Strange creatures glrl are. Imagine you or me scraping our noses with emery paper to get rid of a freckle." Pronunciation of Niagara. pVERYBODY pronounces Niagara L wrong," said a philologist "Tho accent of this beautiful Indian word should not bo put on the syllable 'ag,' but on the syllable ar' the penult the one before the last "Niagara means 'Hark to the thunder Its accent should fall on the penult be cause the Indians themselves accent It there, because in practically all our In dian names of places the penult is the ac cented syllable. Think of the Indian names you know. Don't you accent near ly all of them on the syllable before tho last? There are, for instance, Toronto, -Mississippi; Alleghany, Appalachlcola, Narragansett, Tuscaloosa, Saratoga, Tl conderoga, Oswego, Conshohocken, Wls sahlckon and Hochelaga. In all these names the accent Is on the penult. "Niagara is a Huron word, and, if you can find a Huron, you will find that he accents It as he does Saratoga or Tusca loosa. I don't know how we have fallen Into the habit of accenting It wrong." Banbury Cakes. THE fashionable pastry cook, pointed to a round cake, about four inches. In diameter and an inch thick. It was made ot pastry, and it was filled with currants. "A Banbury cake," he said. "The kind they make in the English town of Ban bury. I am Introducing them here, and I hope that they will become popular. "These cakes have kept Banbury fa mous for 300 years. Ben Jonson, as far back as 1614, wrote in one of his plays about 'a Banbury man, who was a baker but he does dream now, and see visions: he has given over his trade, out of a scruple he took that in spiced conscience, those Banbury cakes he made were served to bridals, maypoles, morrises and such profane, feasts and meetings.' "Samuel Beesley was the great Banbury cakebaker of the last century. In one year he sold 139,500 twopenny cakes. From one ot Beesley's descendants I got his recipe, and the Banbury cakes that I sell in America are the same as you would get if you went all the way to Banbury for them." Love Among the Spiders. KJ. SPIDER'S love for her children is pretty strong," said a. biologist "Take her children away from her and she will remember them for 20 hours." "How do you know?" "I have often made the experiment Al ways, at the end of 10, 12. 20 hours, a spider mother welcomes back the young that you have removed from her. After a full day has passed, though, she forgets. Keep her little ones aWay from her a full day, and they are strangers to her on their return. She Is liable to eat them. "Her marital Is stronger than her ma ternal love. Take her husband from her, and she will mourn him faithfully a day and a half." tfrni n IfollitiiThi -i it .